EFFECTS OF NATURAL TREATMENTS ON THE VARROA MITE INFESTATION LEVELS AND OVERALL HEALTH OF HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA) COLONIES.

Effects of natural treatments on the varroa mite infestation levels and overall health of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies.

The survival of the honey bee (Apis mellifera), which has a crucial role in pollination and ecosystem maintenance, is threatened by many pathogens, including parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses.The ectoparasite Varroa destructor is considered the major cause of the worldwide decline in honey bee colony health.Although several synthetic acaricide

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Green vehicle routing problem with mixed and simultaneous pickup and delivery, time windows and road types using self-adaptive learning particle swarm optimization

This research focuses on the third-party logistics (3PL) management in sustainable reverse logistics industry that involves fuel consumption and emission concerns based on the comprehensive modal emission model (CMEM) in transportation operations on either deliver finished products to customers or pick-up LADIES SHIRTS CAREER malfunctioned/expired

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